The Arctic is at the centre of a global geopolitical battle as China, India and Japan attempt to join the main body involved in setting the rules for future development of the polar region.

At a two-day meeting in Kiruna, northern Sweden, starting tomorrow, ministers from the five Nordic countries, the US, Canada and Russia will decide whether to let 14 countries and organisations gain the status of “observer” to the Arctic Council. China is the most controversial name on the list, but its candidacy has the support of all the Nordic countries.

Canada and Russia have expressed concerns about further opening up the council, which already has six European countries as observers as well as various intergovernmental and non-government organisations. The US has said it is undecided over the decision, which needs unanimity.